Daily Practice Problems Cell : The Unit of Life

Question 1:

Choose the correct options:

1. Omnis cellula-e-cellula means:

(a) Cells arise from non-living matter.

(b) Cells arise randomly.

(d) Cells arise from pre-existing cells.

2. Reserve food material in prokaryotes is stored in the cytoplasm as:

(a) Golgi bodies

(b) Inclusion bodies

(d) Microbodies

3. Which among the following cell organelle is very rich in all types of hydrolytic enzymes?

(a) Ribosomes

(b) Endoplasmic reticulum

(d) Mitochondria

4. Modification of proteins synthesised by ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum takes place in:

(a) Golgi bodies

(b) Vacuole

(d) Peroxisomes

Question 2:

Name the following:

1. Prokaryotes without cell wall.

2. A non-membrane bound cell organelle found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

3. The membrane that covers the vacuole.

4. A number of infoldings on the inner membrane of the mitochondria to increase the surface area.

5. The disc shaped structures on the sides of the centromere.

Question 3:

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words:

1. The endoplasmic reticulum divides the intracellular space into ____________ and ____________ compartments.

2. The plasma membrane is __________ permeable.

3. The middle lamella is made up of __________ which glues the neighbouring cells together.

4. The forming face of the Golgi bodies is called __________ face while the maturing face is called the __________ face.

5. __________ are passages through which allows the movement of substance between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

Question 4:

Complete the given analogies by observing the relation between the first two words and then filling an appropriate word at the fourth place:

1. Protein synthesis : Ribosomes :: Lipid synthesis : __________

2. Semi-permeable : Plasma membrane :: Fully permeable : __________

3. Lysosome : Suicidal bags :: Mitochondria : __________

4. Coloured plastids : Chromoplasts :: Colourless plastids : __________

5. Cell : Cytoplasm :: Nucleus : ___________

Question 5:

State the contribution of the following scientists:

1. G.E. Palade

2. Robert Brown

3. Singer and Nicolson

4. Rudolf Virchow

5. J.E. Purkinje

Question 6:

Define the following terms:

1. Polysomes

2. Cytoskeleton

3. Active transport

4. Mesosome

5. Centromere

Question 7:

State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Mitochondria are the site of anaerobic respiration.

2. Contractile vacuole is necessary for osmoregulation and excretion in Amoeba.

3. Axoneme of cilia and flagella possesses 9+2 microtubular arrangement.

4. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria are double membranous and possess 70S type of ribosomes.

5. Nucleolus is a site of mRNA synthesis.

Question 8:

Identify the cell organelle which is known as :

1. Kitchen of the cell

2. Powerhouse of the cell

3. Protein factories

4. Suicidal bags

5. Brain of the cell

Question 9:

Match the columns A and B.

Column A	Column B
1. Cisternae	a. Chloroplast
2. Satellites	b. Mitochondria
3. Cristae	c. Golgi apparatus
4. Carotenoids	d. Secondary constriction
5. Stroma	e. Chromoplasts

Question 10:

State one function associated with each of the following:

1. RER

2. Golgi apparatus

3. Chromoplasts

4. Elaioplasts

5. Centrioles

Question 11:

Briefly explain the terms “plasmids” and “mesosomes” with respect to a bacterial cell.

Question 12:

Who proposed the Fluid Mosaic model of plasma membrane? What does it tell us about the structure of the plasma membrane?

Question 13:

How do rough endoplasmic reticulum differ from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Question 14:

List down any four functions associated with Golgi bodies.

Question 15:

What are leucoplasts? Name their specialised modifications to store:

(i) Starch

(ii) Oils and fats

(iii) Proteins

Question 16:

Name the two semi-autonomous cell organelles. Draw a neat and labelled diagram of either of the two semi-autonomous organelles.

Question 17:

How do ribosomes differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Also state if there is any exception to the convention.

Question 18:

Draw a diagrammatic representation of the axoneme of cilia.

Question 19:

Draw a neat-labelled diagram of the structure of the nucleus.

Question 20:

How does centromere form the basis for the classification of chromosomes?

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