Daily Practice Problems Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Question 1:

Give the scientific terms for the following:

1. A condition in which both the alleles of a character express themselves equally in the F1 hybrid.

2. The animal selected by Morgan for his cytogenetic studies.

3. An autosomal recessive disorder which results into a defect in the synthesis of globin chains of haemoglobin.

4. An inheritance pattern in which multiple genes determine the expression of a trait.

5. An enzyme whose absence causes phenylketonuria.

Question 2:

Choose the correct options:

1. A woman having 47 chromosomes due to presence of three copies of chromosome 21 can be characterised by:

a. Triploidy

b. Turner’s syndrome

c. Klinefelter’s syndrome

d. Down’s syndrome

2. ‘XO’ type of sex determination is seen in:

a. Human beings

b. Birds

c. Grass hopper

d. Drosophila

3. The three scientists who rediscovered Mendel’s work were:

a. de Vries, Carl Correns and von Tschermak

b. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty

c. Carl Correns, Sutton and Boveri

d. de Vries, Sutton and Boveri

4. How many types of genetically different gametes would be produced by a plant having genotype AaBBCc?

a. Two

b. Four

c. Six

d. Eight

5. Which among the following diseases will never pass from a father to a son?

a. X-chromosome linked diseases

b. Y-chromosome linked diseases

c. Autosomal linked diseases

d. All of the above

Question 3:

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words:

1. A gene affecting more than one trait is called __________ gene.

2. Skin colour in human beings is controlled by atleast __________ genes.

3. The __________ represents the genetic constitution of an organism.

4. A condition in which there are more than two sets of genomes within a cell is called __________

5. When a particular chromosome in a cell is present in three copies, the cell condition is called __________.

Question 4:

In a strange medico-legal case of accidental interchange of two newborns in a hospital, which among the following couple will not be rightly given the baby with blood group O?

(a) A husband of blood group B and wife of blood group A

(b) A husband of blood group O and wife of blood group AB

(d) A husband of blood group O and wife of blood group A

Question 5:

Complete the given analogies by observing the relation between the first two words and then filling an appropriate word at the fourth place:

1. Mendel : Pisum sativum :: Morgan : __________

2. Skin colour : Polygenic inheritance :: Blood group : __________

3. Linkage theory : Morgan :: Mutation theory : __________

4. 2n-1 : monosomic :: 2n+1 : __________

5. F1 phenotypic ratio : 3:1 :: F2 phenotypic ratio : ___________

Question 6:

Define the following terms:

1. Test cross

2. Incomplete dominance

3. Pleiotropy

4. Alleles

5. Aneuploidy

Question 7:

Match the columns A and B.

Column A	Column B
1. ZZ-ZW type of sex determination	a. X-linked disorder
2. Skin colour	b. Birds
3. Colour blindness	c. Point mutations
4. Sickle cell anaemia	d. Incomplete dominance
5. Snapdragon	e. Polygenic inheritance

Question 8:

State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Inheritance of flower colour in Antirrhinum is an example of co-dominance.

2. Sex chromosomes in human beings show male heterogamety.

3. Human blood groups are determined by multiple alleles.

4. Genes present far from each other on a chromosome show lesser frequency of recombination.

5. In a monohybrid cross, test cross gives the expected ratio of 3:1.

Question 9:

State the chromosomal constitution associated with the following disorders:

1. Turner’s syndrome

2. Klinefelter’s syndrome

3. Down’s syndrome

Question 10:

A normal woman, whose father was haemophilic is married to a normal man. What is the percentage probability of her sons to be haemophilic?

Question 11:

The map distance between the following genes, found in an organism, are as follows:

X and Y = 7 map units

Y and Z = 4 map units

X and Z = 11 map units

Which among the following pairs would show maximum recombination frequency and why?

Question 12:

State the law of Independent assortment?

Question 13:

What is the purpose of using a test cross?

Question 14:

State any four reasons why Drosophila was selected by Morgan for his cytogenetic experiments.

Question 15:

A white flowered Antirrhinum plant was crossed with a red flowered Antirrhinum plant, the F1 progeny had pink flowers. State:

(i) the genotype of F1 individual.

(ii) the reason why the F1 individual did not bear parental white or red flowers.

Question 16:

Explain multiple allelism taking inheritance of blood group as an example.

Question 17:

Briefly explain the mechanism of sex determination in honey bees.

Question 18:

Write a brief note on Phenylketonuria.

Question 19:

The gene I that responsible for controlling ABO blood grouping in human beings has the following three alleles : I^A, I^B and I^O.

(i) State the various genotypes possible.

(ii) Also, state the number of phenotypes possible?

Question 20:

What is the cause of Thalassemia? Give a brief explanation.

**********

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